The so-called Bumble Bee Jasper is not a true jasper but rather a carbonate microbialite. This composite rock partially formed under the influence of extremophile microorganisms *in the vicinity of Pliocene fumaroles on the island of Java. It primarily consists of calcite, sulfur, manganese oxides, realgar, and orpiment. This mineral combination is responsible for the stone's attractive play of colors.
Bumble Bee is also used as a gemstone but is only partially suitable due to its properties. Firstly, realgar and orpiment contain high levels of arsenic, making them toxic minerals. These, alongside sulfur, significantly contribute to the vivid yellow and orange-red hues. Secondly, the rock is relatively soft, with a Mohs hardness of just around 3, while realgar and orpiment alone exhibit a hardness of only 1.5 to 2. These characteristics pose a risk of toxic dust or particles coming into contact with the skin, even with surface sealants. Most jewellery suppliers point out that this risk would be negligible when polished.
As a collector's item, Bumble Bee is far less problematic but should never be handled by children. The specimen described here is a polished section of this exotic and decorative rock.
Leis, R. J., & Stinchcomb, B. L. (2015). Stromatolites: Ancient, beautiful, and earth-altering. Schiffer Publishing. |
